Milcraft

Team of Teams (Stanley McChrystal et al.)

Table of Contents

Copy Doctrine

Practice 1: Adapt faster than the threat

Problem
A changing threat makes fixed plans obsolete.

Action
Recheck your assumptions as events change and adjust your approach quickly.

Outcome
Your team can respond before the threat changes again.

Chapter: The Proteus Problem - Sons of Proteus

Practice 2: Replace clockwork control with adaptability

Problem
Rigid processes work poorly when events interact in unpredictable ways.

Action
Use clear goals and flexible methods instead of detailed control.

Outcome
The team can respond to conditions that no plan could predict.

Chapter: The Proteus Problem - Clockwork

Practice 3: Treat complex problems as changing systems

Problem
Complex systems produce effects that cannot be predicted from their separate parts.

Action
Test small responses and update them from current results.

Outcome
You learn what works without relying on one forecast.

Chapter: The Proteus Problem - From Complicated to Complex

Practice 4: Choose adaptability over efficiency

Problem
Maximum efficiency leaves little room for unexpected change.

Action
Design work so the team can change course when conditions shift.

Outcome
The organization stays effective during disruption.

Chapter: The Proteus Problem - Doing the Right Thing

Practice 5: Build trust before granting autonomy

Problem
People cannot coordinate quickly when they do not trust one another.

Action
Build trust through shared work and honest communication.

Outcome
The team can act together without waiting for detailed orders.

Chapter: From Many, One - From Command to Team

Practice 6: Connect teams through shared purpose

Problem
Separate teams often protect their own goals at the expense of the whole mission.

Action
Give every team a shared purpose that guides local decisions.

Outcome
Independent teams work as one organization.

Chapter: From Many, One - Team of Teams

Practice 7: Make the whole system visible

Problem
A narrow view can lead one team to harm the work of others.

Action
Share a current picture of the whole operation with every team.

Outcome
People make decisions that support the mission as a whole.

Chapter: Sharing - Seeing the System

Practice 8: Share information by default

Problem
Information kept within one group slows decisions elsewhere.

Action
Open meetings and data to everyone unless security requires limits.

Outcome
Useful knowledge reaches the people who need it sooner.

Chapter: Sharing - Brains Out of the Footlocker

Practice 9: Build relationships across team boundaries

Problem
Groups protect their own interests when they do not trust one another.

Action
Rotate people between teams, so they form direct relationships.

Outcome
Teams cooperate because they trust the people on the other side.

Chapter: Sharing - Beating the Prisoner's Dilemma

Practice 10: Push decisions to the people with current information

Problem
Central approval delays responses to fast changes.

Action
Let the person closest to the situation decide within clear boundaries.

Outcome
The organization acts at the speed of events.

Chapter: Letting Go - Hands Off

Practice 11: Shape the environment instead of directing every move

Problem
A leader who controls every decision becomes a bottleneck.

Action
Create conditions that help others make sound decisions.

Outcome
The organization grows stronger without depending on constant orders.

Chapter: Letting Go - Leading Like a Gardener

Practice 12: Match your organization to its environment

Problem
A slow hierarchy cannot keep pace with a connected world.

Action
Organize information and decisions to match the speed of the outside system.

Outcome
The organization can respond to change without losing coordination.

Chapter: Looking Ahead - Symmetries